solar inverter

The installation scheme of common ground distributed projects is to install near a string of components at the closest. It adopts the fixed-rack installation or hoop-type installation to directly fix the equipment on the stand column. If this kind of scheme is used, it is required to pay attention to the strength of the rack and column, as well as the height of the solar PV inverter over ground, avoiding being submerged in stormy days because of being placed at a too low height.

The PV module capacity and solar inverter capacity ratio are commonly referred to as capacity ratio. Reasonable capacity ratio design needs to be considered comprehensively in the light of the specific project. The main influencing factors include irradiance, system loss, inverter efficiency, inverter life, inverter voltage range, assembly installation angle and so on. Because the inverter accounts for only about 5% of the system cost, the number or power of the inverter is reduced by the overmatching of the components in the distributed photovoltaic power station system, and the investment income is very small, which also bring other problems, the specific analysis is as follows.

Input overvoltage protection: When the DC-side input voltage is higher than the maximum allowable DC array access voltage of the grid tie inverter, the inverter is not allowed to start or stop within 0.1s (in operation) and a warning signal is released at the same time. After the DC-side voltage is restored to the allowable working range of the inverter, the inverter should be started and operated normally.

The micro-inverter technology directly combines the inverter with a single photovoltaic module to equip every photovoltaic module with an inverter module which is capable of DC-AC conversion and the MPP tracking. The inverter module can directly convert the power generated by the photovoltaic module into the AC for the AC load use or transmit it to the grid.

Charging controller, check the voltage setting of the rectifier and check the voltmeter to have normal indication. If the battery temperature is below 55°F (about 12.778°C), charging to a higher voltage (at least 14.8 volts for a 12 volt system) should be allowed. If your charge controller has the temperature compensation function, it will automatically adjust. If there is an external temperature sensor, please make sure that it has been attached to the battery. If there is no automatic adjustment function, it is required to manually increase the voltage and adjust back in the spring (adjust to 14.3 volts). If the charge controller is not adjustable, try to keep the battery in a warmer environment.

As one of the multiple development and utilization approaches of solar energy, solar photovoltaic power generation has the characteristics of pollution-free, renewable, flexible and storable and so on. The photovoltaic power generation system has been put into practical use in the fields of road lighting and residential construction. The water treatment industry is also suitable for the application of the photovoltaic power generation system because of its unique industry characteristics. The solar photovoltaic system is composed of a solar battery pack, a solar charge controller, and a battery.

The application of the photovoltaic power generation system has the following advantages in the wastewater treatment industry:

No sheltering of tall buildings around

Most of the water treatment plants are located in areas with relatively concentrated industrial enterprises and remote positions. The surrounding buildings are mostly low-rise buildings such as industrial plants, and there is less shielding for the photovoltaic power generation system in water treatment plants. At the same time, since the construction condition of the water treatment plant itself, the structure and the building unit itself are low in height and sparse in layout, and are not easy to cause occlusion, thus having better illumination conditions.

Rather big installable roof area

Due to the need of the technological procedure, most water treatment plants have rather big architectures, such as biological reaction tanks, secondary sedimentation tanks, blower rooms and so on, which usually have large installation spaces for photovoltaic systems above. In addition, the photovoltaic power generation system of the water treatment plant mostly belongs to the roof-type distributed photovoltaic system, thus involving no newly increased land, changing no land application, affecting no cultural relic protection requirement, increasing no building area and changing no building structure.

Improve the technological treatment effect

The reasonable layout and design of the photovoltaic power generation system of the water treatment plant can reduce the evaporation amount of the pool water, increase the water treatment capacity, reduce the impact of sewage evaporation on the environment. At the same time, it can still reduce the wind speed above the pool, improve the local small environment, increase the temperature of the pool water, enhance the growth activity of the microorganisms, improve the sewage treatment effect, and finally achieve the purpose of improving the water treatment capacity and the comprehensive economic benefits of the project.

High and stable power generation of the water treatment plant

The loads of water treatment plant include high-power loads such as blowers and submersible pumps, as well as low-power loads such as gates, grilles, and submersible flowers, which usually have higher computational powers. Moreover, due to the relatively balanced water volume, the operation of each technological equipment is relatively stable, and the load characteristics are stable, thus being convenient for the design of the solar photovoltaic power generation system.

Since the water treatment plant has great power consumption and small changes, the reasonable design of the photovoltaic system can fully utilize the photovoltaic power, avoid power waste of the solar inverter, and reduce the light rejection rate.

Good financing conditions

Water treatment plants usually have long operating cycles, guaranteed operations, stable benefits, high self-sufficiency ratio, and high return on investment, thus avoiding the problem of financing difficulties.

Low maintenance cost

After the establishment of the solar photovoltaic system, its operating costs, in addition to equipment damage caused by force majeure, are mainly the cleaning water expense and other maintenance costs. The cleanliness of the effluent or recycled water of the sewage treatment plant can meet the cleaning needs of the PV modules. At the same time, the water source after cleaning can be directly collected into the sewage treatment process, thus saving water and reducing maintenance costs.

The off-grid solar power system design is different from the grid-tie solar power system. The former needs to take into considerations many factors including the load, daily electricity quantity and local climate conditions and so on, to choose different design plans according to clients’ practical demands. Therefore, the off-grid solar photovoltaic system is comparatively complex. In order to ensure reliability of the off-grid PV system, a thorough survey of customer demands is very necessary. The design of an off-grid solar power system mainly composes of the inverter selection, solar panel capacity, and batteries capacity.

Now we take a design of off-grid solar power system for a small-scale fish farmer near a lake as case study. Due to long-distance power grid construction, not only the cost is high, but also the conductor power loss and voltage loss are huge. Meanwhile, the stability of power use cannot be ensured because of the typhoons, and the accidental power failure happens on a frequent basis, which can affect the power use for production and life. Therefore, the off-grid solar power system is adopted. The sunlight radiation intensity in the daytime is high, and the power generated by solar power system is directly provided to the solar inverter output to support the operation of electric devices. At the same time, the batteries are charged, and provides the power for the devices via the inverter at night.

In fact, there is a close connection between the photovoltaic power generation capacity and the grid voltage. The power generation capacity gap between regions with extremely unstable voltage and regions with stable voltage is around 10% to 20%. This paper mainly discusses the influence of the grid voltage on the system. The grid voltage can be divided into three conditions, namely low voltage, high voltage and dramatic voltage fluctuation. These three conditions will all influence the system’s power generation capacity.

To a solar energy grid-tie system, the time and climate will cause changes of solar radiation, thus resulting in constant changes of the power point voltage. In order to improve the generating capacity, and ensure that the solar panels can output the highest power, either when the sunshine is weak or when the sunshine is strong, the solar inverter usually introduces the boost circuit to expand the voltage of its working point.

The off-grid photovoltaic power generation system for household use consists of the photovoltaic module, supporter, controller, solar inverter, accumulator and power distribution system. The system's electric plan design should take the selection and computing of modules, inverters (controllers), and accumulators into consideration. Before the plan design, necessary preparation should be made, because the off-grid is customized without a unified plan. Therefore, the user load type and power, electricity consumption in the daytime and in the evening, and climate conditions of the installation place should be first learned. The power supply for the off-grid photovoltaic system relies on the weather, which is not 100% reliable.

The solar power system is used to convert the solar energy directly into the electric power via the solar cell module. The solar cell module is a solid device, which makes use of electronic characteristics of semiconductor materials to realize P-V conversion. In many areas without the power grid, the solar photovoltaic system can facilitate the lighting and domestic power supply for users. In some developed areas, it can be connected with the regional power grid to realize complementation. Then, how does the solar PV system work to generate the electricity used in our daily life?

300W-1400W solar micro inverters from inverter.com adopt IP67 waterproof streamline appearance design, which can effectively prevent rain erosion on the surface, and has built-in high-performance Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) function, which can better track the changes of solar photometry and control different output power, effectively capture and collect sunlight. Reverse AC power transmission technology is one of our patented technologies. The power output from micro inverters can be used preferentially to provide load. The endless power is transmitted to the power grid in the opposite direction. The power output from inverters can be used efficiently, and the power transmission rate can reach more than 99%. To show you what you can expect, we've outlined a simple six-step guide for a typical solar microinverter installation process.

A solar inverter functions to convert the variable direct current (DC) output generated by PV solar panels into the alternating current (AC) which is fed into a commercial electrical grid or used by a local, off grid electrical network. Buy the right product for a particular application is very important and there are many factors that go into selecting the best solar inverter. Here are 8 key instructions that you may follow in order to choose the best suited solar inverter for you.

The photovoltaic off-grid power generation system is mainly used to solve the basic electricity consumption problem for residents in areas without electricity or insufficient electricity. The photovoltaic off-grid power generation system is mainly constituted by the photovoltaic component, bracket, controller, power inverter, storage battery and power distribution system. Compared with the photovoltaic grid-connected system, the off-grid system has an additional controller and storage battery. In addition, the inverter directly drives the load, so the electrical system is more complicated. Since the off-grid system may be the only power source of the user and the user relies more on the system, the off-grid solar system design and operation must be more reliable.

In the photovoltaic system, the cost of the solar inverter is less than 5%, but it is one of the decisive factors of power generation efficiency. When the accessories such as the component are completely consistent, if different inverters are selected, the total power generation capacity of the system has a difference ranging from 5% to 10%. Such a difference is mainly caused by the inverter. The MPPT efficiency is the key factor determining the PV inverter power generation capacity, and its importance even exceeds the efficiency of the PV inverter itself. The MPPT efficiency is equal to the hardware efficiency multiplied by the software efficiency. The hardware efficiency is mainly determined by the accuracy of the sampling circuit, the MPPT voltage range and the number of MPPT paths. The software efficiency is determined by the control algorithm.

The photovoltaic solar inverters are classified into grid-tie inverters, off-grid inverters, and microgrid energy storage inverters according to their different applications. The grid-tie inverters can be further classified into micro inverters, string-type inverters, concentrated inverters and centralized distributing inverters according to power and usage. The micro inverter has the power class of 180W to 1200W, thus being suitable for small power generation system. The string-type inverter is the single-phase inverter with power from 1kW to 5kW. It is suitable for household power generation system. The three-phase inverter with the grid-tie voltages of 220V, 5kW to 70kW is suitable for industrial and commercial power generation systems. Its on grid voltage is three-phase 380V.