What is a Solar Remote Monitoring System?

Composition of solar power supply system

The solar power generation system consists of a solar cell group, a solar controller, and a battery (group). If the output power is AC 220V or 110V and it is complementary to the mains, it is also necessary to configure an inverter and a mains smart switch.

1. Solar arrays are solar panels
   
   This is the core part of the solar photovoltaic power generation system, and its main function is to convert solar photons into electrical energy, thereby driving the load to work. Solar cells are divided into monocrystalline silicon solar cells, polycrystalline silicon solar cells, and amorphous silicon solar cells. Because monocrystalline silicon cells are more durable than the other two types, have a long service life (generally up to 20 years), and have high photoelectric conversion efficiency, they have become the most commonly used cells.
   
   
2. Solar charge controller
   
   The main job of the solar charge controller is to control the state of the entire system and at the same time protect the battery from overcharging and overdischarging. It also has temperature compensation in places where the temperature is particularly low.
   
   
3. Solar deep cycle battery pack
   
   As the name implies, the battery stores electricity. It mainly stores the electrical energy converted by the solar panel. It is generally a lead-acid battery and can be recycled for many times.
   
   In the whole monitoring system. Some devices need to provide 220V, 110V AC power, and the direct output of solar energy is generally 1 2VDC, 24VDC, 48VDC. Therefore, in order to provide power for 22VAC and 11OVAC devices, a DC/AC inverter must be added to the system to convert the DC power generated in the solar photovoltaic power generation system into AC power.

Principle of solar power generation

The simplest principle of solar power generation is what we call a chemical reaction, that is, the conversion of solar energy into electricity. This conversion process is the process in which solar radiation energy photons are converted into electrical energy through semiconductor substances, which is usually called the "photovoltaic effect", and solar cells are made using this effect.

When sunlight hits a semiconductor, some of the photons are reflected off the surface, and the rest are either absorbed by the semiconductor or transmitted through the semiconductor. Of course, some of the absorbed photons turn into heat, while others are the same The valence electrons that make up the semiconductor collide, creating electron-hole pairs. In this way, sunlight energy is converted into electrical energy in the form of electron-hole pairs, and then reacts with the electric field inside the semiconductor to generate a certain current. If the battery semiconductors are connected in various ways, multiple currents and voltages will be formed, so as to output power.

Application of solar energy

Disadvantages of traditional power supply

Solar power generation and solar power supply technology are increasingly entering the occasion of civil applications. In forests, roads, rivers, mountains and other communication or audio and video electronic equipment applications, grid power supply and battery power supply are mainly used. Battery power supply can only solve temporary needs and cannot be used as long-term power supply. Many disadvantages:

• The power supply mode is cable transmission, the construction is difficult and the cost is high.
• The system is inconvenient to maintain, there are potential safety hazards in high-pressure transportation, and the operating cost is high.
• Installation and networking are difficult.

Advantages of solar power supply

The solar power supply system does not need water, oil, steam or fuel when it works. It can generate electricity as long as there is light. It is a clean, pollution-free renewable energy source. It is easy to install and maintain, and has a long service life. Favored by people, it is the leader of new energy. In recent years, the application of solar energy has become more and more extensive in the world, especially in the field of the field, the solar power system is gradually replacing some traditional power equipment, and it is more and more widely used.

Advantages of solar energy

1. Safe and reliable, no noise, no radiation, no fuel consumption, no mechanical rotating parts, low failure rate and long service life.
2. It is environmentally friendly and beautiful, not limited by geographical location, short construction period, random size, easy disassembly and assembly, and convenient movement.
3. Ready-to-install, low cost of disassembly and damage, can be easily combined with buildings, no need to pre-embed high transmission lines, which can avoid the damage to vegetation and the environment and engineering costs when laying cables over a long distance.
4. With stable voltage and high power quality, it is widely used in various electrical equipment. It is very suitable for power consumption in remote places such as villages, farms, mountains, islands, and highways. It is also an excellent emergency backup power supply.
5. Easy to maintain, with a service life of more than 20 years, a variety of charging methods complement each other, and both solar energy and mains can charge the system.
6. Compared with traditional power generation, solar power generation has inexhaustible resources and is the most abundant renewable energy source.
7. The use of solar energy to generate electricity will not cause air pollution and will not cause the ecological environment to lose balance. It is a green and renewable energy source.
8. The solar power generation system is simple to install, easy to maintain, and cost-effective.

Why use solar power for outdoor remote monitoring?

In electromechanical projects, the simplicity and complexity of equipment installation and wiring, and the convenience and difficulty of post-maintenance are also concerns of many owners and contractors. Compared with traditional cable power supply, solar power supply saves a lot of complicated wiring. Simple installation can be completed by loading on the column: for later maintenance, only cleaning the solar panel and replacing the battery is necessary.

Due to the large number of cameras deployed in the whole monitoring system, the mileage involved is relatively long. If the traditional direct buried cable is used for power supply, considering the voltage drop of the cable along the line, a relatively thick copper core cable must be used. It keeps going up, which obviously adds a lot to the cost. If solar power is used, the process of intermediate cables and their laying is omitted, which has a good cost performance.

Solar power system

The solar wireless monitoring system is mainly composed of three subsystems: solar power supply system, wireless video transmission system and video monitoring system.

The solar power supply subsystem is composed of solar modules, wind turbines, colloidal batteries, and intelligent charge and discharge controllers. Store it in the battery (charging); when power is needed, turn on the controller switch to connect the load, and supply the electric energy in the battery to the load (discharging). The main function of the intelligent controller is to manage the charge and discharge of the battery. When the battery power supply is insufficient during the working hours, the controller automatically cuts off the load power supply and protects the battery from over-discharge. Charge protection.

The battery is the energy source required to maintain the system work in the absence of sunlight. When continuous cloudy and rainy days occur, the battery needs to have enough power to maintain the continuous operation of the entire system. Due to the high price of solar colloidal batteries, it cannot be considered There will be several long rainy days in a year and the battery configuration of the system will be increased, so that the battery configuration of the system will be in a state of waste most of the time. The result of configuring too many batteries will inevitably lead to a significant increase in cost. Therefore, the solar power supply application system should allow the phenomenon of power shortage with low probability, and the independent power supply time of the battery is generally 4-10 days.

The wireless video transmission subsystem is composed of digital bridge, 4G wireless network, COFDM, etc.

The video surveillance subsystem is composed of cameras, terminal video management equipment (such as digital hard disk video recorders) and so on. Other auxiliary functions can be added as needed, such as: front-end pickup, front-end speakers, front-end video recording, front-end sensing, video analysis, wireless broadcasting, motion detection, wireless signal relay station, etc.

The solar control system has: environmental protection and energy saving, no need to dig trenches or erect power racks, no need for a large number of wires, no need for power transmission and transformation equipment, short construction period, no electricity consumption and no electricity charges, no geographical restrictions, low maintenance costs, There are many advantages such as low voltage, no risk of electric shock and flexible movement.

Current data transmission methods for solar monitoring

• Microwave network based on wireless bridge.
• 3G/4G network based on wireless platform operator.
• Wired transmission can be selected according to the actual situation and needs.

Solar video surveillance power supply system working principle

When the sunlight is strong, the current generated by the solar photovoltaic modules will converge to the controller, and the controller will monitor the power supply. The solar photovoltaic modules supply power to the video surveillance components through the controller, while storing the excess energy in the energy storage system.

When the sunlight is weak and the power generation of the solar energy storage unit panel cannot meet the energy required by the video surveillance, the load will not only obtain energy from the solar energy storage unit panel, but the energy storage system will be in a discharge state at the same time to meet the stable operation of the video surveillance.

When the sunshine conditions such as nighttime and cloudy days are not good, the energy storage system will be used to supply power to the video surveillance.

The obvious advantages of the solar video surveillance system

1. Determine the capacity of solar power generation according to the specific situation of solar energy resources in the region and the power consumption of the load.
2. Ensure continuous and stable power supply for all monitoring equipment.
3. The wireless monitoring equipment considers power supply throughout the day, and the maximum daily power supply time is: 24 hours.
4. Economical, practical, reliable and safe.
5. Continuous use in cloudy and rainy days (the number of days of continuous power supply can be designed according to the actual situation).
6. Can provide DC12V 24V or AC220 power supply at the same time.
7. The latest deep-cycle lead-acid maintenance-free waterproof battery is used as the energy storage device. The working temperature is between -40°C and +60°C, and it has the characteristics of long life and high performance.
8. The operation of the equipment is automatically controlled, enabling unattended and wireless remote monitoring.
9. The special control and inverter system for monitoring is adopted, which does not interfere with the normal monitoring and receiving signals, the management and maintenance are simple and convenient, and the operating cost is extremely low.
10. One-time investment, long-term benefit.

Advantages of Solar Wireless Communication and Video Surveillance System

1. Independently powered by solar energy, wireless transmission, completely wireless.
2. The components are flexible and compact, which is convenient for installation and networking.
3. AC and DC power supply mode to meet the needs of various loads.
4. Good safety, low maintenance cost and low construction cost.